Sad reality indeed but this is well... reality...
Sometimes in life you have to face reality and do what is needed about it.
I have been in this position in the past and I consider that I have successfully overcome this problem. Basically, there are 2 options:
1. Quit right now to find a company with bigger budgets for data science. If you manage to find a higher end position in a company with a real proper data strategy and the right amount of money dedicated to it, then you'll land in a team that is effectively supported by a great team of more technical persons (data engineers, software engineers, dev ops, etc...) and also more business ground-work related persons (eg. data analysts). You might then be in a role where the only work you have left to do is to perform those sexy more R&D and potentially impactful DS work.
2. Create your own path in the company. Embrace the tasks you are being given. Start to effectively like the work that you are being given. For example, if the data is not here and it requires creating a data pipeline and talking to some developers to acquire this data, then do it. Once, you'll have that data pipeline in place, you'll be able to create the model you wanted to in the first place. You might find that this is not the right path for you. But you should consider it as a way to get where you want later down the road.
You might just think, I'll just do option 1. This is what I want to do! Again => back to reality => everyone wants to do that! You are not alone! There are armies of fresh graduates you want to start their career right in this spot. This means that this high end positions are extremely competitive and only the best we'll get them.
My advice, take option 2. Work hard. If your job does not allow you to perform nice DS work. Work a little extra to do this work anyway (even if it requries dedicated some of your free time). Blog your results. Find ways to show your skills and grow by yourself. Once you'll acquire enough experience on those, starting looking for another job where you'll be able to insist on these initiatives you took and craft your own trajectory towards the future your looking for.
Best
